Bhāviveka

Bhāviveka (also Bhavya / Bhāvaviveka) was a Madhyamaka philosopher of roughly the 6th century CE who argued that emptiness should be established not only by reductio but also by independent (svatantra) inference, in the new logical idiom of Dignāga. His critique of Buddhapālita, and Candrakīrti's later reply, frames the (retrospectively named) Svātantrika–Prāsaṅgika division. His doxographical works are also valued as early surveys of Indian philosophical schools. He is securely historical, with traditional dates and a traditional South Indian origin.