Caesarion (Ptolemy XV)
47 BCE–30 BCE · Ptolemaic-Roman · Alexandria
Caesarion (Ptolemy XV) was the son of Cleopatra VII, claimed to have been fathered by Julius Caesar, and the last of the Ptolemaic line. His mother had him acknowledged as her co-regent, and on that basis he is counted as the last pharaoh of Egypt, though as a child and youth he never ruled in any real sense. A boy of about seventeen at the time of his mother's death, he was put to death on the orders of Octavian, the victorious Roman who would become the emperor Augustus, in 30 BCE; killing him removed the last claimant of the dynasty. His death closed the Ptolemaic line and brought to an end pharaonic Egypt itself, after which the country was ruled directly as a Roman possession. He is the terminus of the royal roster; the Roman emperors who later styled themselves pharaohs belong to a separate age.
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Alexandria
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The Ptolemaic capital where he was nominal co-regent as the last pharaoh.
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