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Asceticism

Fasting, vigil, and labor as a forge for the soul

Asceticism is disciplined self-denial, such as fasting, keeping vigil, and hard labor, undertaken to purify the soul and grow toward God. Anthony the Great and the Desert Fathers became its great exemplars, withdrawing to the wilderness to wrestle with their passions. Far from despising the body, this discipline aims to free the whole person from what enslaves it, ordering desire toward God.

How it traveled

  1. On Fasting.
    · 220
    explains
  2. The Instructions of Commodianus.
    · 220
    applies
  3. The Church History of Eusebius
    Caesarea · 339
    explains
  4. Life of Antony. (Vita Antoni.)
    Alexandria · 373
    explains
  5. Ephraim Syrus: The Nisibene Hymns
    Edessa · 373
    applies
  6. The Letters
    Caesarea (Cappadocia) · 379
    explains
  7. Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen
    Nazianzus · 390
    explains
  8. Concerning Virgins
    Milan · 397
    explains
  9. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  10. Homilies on First Corinthians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  11. A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  12. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Epistle to the Hebrews
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  13. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Philippians, Colossians, and Thessalonians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  14. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  15. Homilies on Second Corinthians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  16. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Timothy, Titus, and Philemon
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  17. The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  18. The Commentary and Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Galatians and Ephesians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  19. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Gospel of St. John
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  20. The Letters of St. Jerome
    Bethlehem · 420
    explains
  21. Jerome and Gennadius. Lives of Illustrious Men
    Bethlehem · 420
    explains
  22. The Life of S. Hilarion
    Bethlehem · 420
    explains
  23. Dialogues of Sulpitius Severus
    Toulouse (Aquitaine) · 425
    explains
  24. Of the Work of Monks
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  25. Expositions on the Book of Psalms
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  26. Letters of St. Augustin
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  27. The Confessions
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  28. The Twelve Books on the Institutes of the Cœnobia, and the Remedies for the Eight Principal Faults
    Marseille · 435
    explains
  29. The Conferences of John Cassian. Part I. Containing Conferences I-X
    Marseille · 435
    explains
  30. The Conferences of John Cassian. Part III. Containing Conferences XVIII.-XXIV
    Marseille · 435
    explains
  31. The Conferences of John Cassian. Part II. Containing Conferences XI-XVII
    Marseille · 435
    explains
  32. The Ecclesiastical History of Sozomen
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 450
    explains
  33. The Ecclesiastical History, Dialogues, and Letters of Theodoret
    Cyrrhus · 458
    explains
  34. The Book of Pastoral Rule, and Selected Epistles, of Gregory the Great
    Rome · 604
    explains
  35. Selected Epistles of Gregory the Great
    Rome · 604
    applies
  36. The Canons of the Council in Trullo; Often Called The Quinisext Council
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 692
    applies
  37. Internal Consolation
    Zwolle · 1471
    explains
  38. Thoughts Helpful in the Life of the Soul
    Zwolle · 1471
    explains
  39. The Interior Life
    Zwolle · 1471
    explains
  40. Seventeen Occasional Sermons
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains

Key passages(20)

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Letter CXXX. To Demetrias. Jerome writes to Demetrias, a highborn lady of Rome who had recently embraced the vocation of a virgin. After narrating her life’s history first at Rome and then in Africa,

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16. One day when he had gone forth because all the monks had assembled to him and asked to hear words from him, he spoke to them in the Egyptian tongue as follows: ‘The Scriptures are enough for instr

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45. Antony, however, according to his custom, returned alone to his own cell, increased his discipline, and sighed daily as he thought of the mansions in Heaven, having his desire fixed on them, and p

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12. Then again as he went on he saw what was this time not visionary, but real gold scattered in the way. But whether the devil showed it, or some better power to try the athlete and show the Evil One

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This canon is found in the Corpus Juris Canonici, Gratian’s Decretum, Pars I., Dist. xxx., c. vij. Canon XIX. If any of the ascetics, without bodily necessity, shall behave with insolence and disreg

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6. Thus day by day the persecution burned against him, so that the whole city could no longer contain him; but he removed from house to house and was driven in every direction because of the multitude

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We ought then with all our might to strive for the virtue of discretion by the power of humility, as it will keep us uninjured by either extreme, for there is an old saying ἀκρότητες ἰσότητες, i.e., e

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John: To those who are really seeking relief, healing remedies from the true Physician of souls will certainly not be wanting; and to those above all will they be given who do not disregard their ill-

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How we laid bare the secrets of our thoughts to Abbot Abraham. This twenty-fourth Conference of Abbot Abraham Cf. the note on XV. iv. Rev. iv. 4. Petschenig’s text reads conversione, others conver

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And so though we also might have the protection of our kinsfolk, yet we have preferred his abstinence to all riches, and have chosen to procure our daily bodily sustenance by our own exertions rather

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The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom · John Chrysostom

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And the things that are incentives of arrogance, as to dress well, and to build houses splendidly, and to have many servants, things which often drive men even against their will to arrogance; these a

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IT IS not hard to spurn human consolation when we have the divine. It is, however, a very great thing indeed to be able to live without either divine or human comforting and for the honor of God willi

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Letter XXIV. To Marcella. Concerning the virgin Asella. Dedicated to God before her birth, Marcella’s sister had been made a church-virgin at the age of ten. From that time she had lived a life of th

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The Letters · Basil of Caesarea

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Letter XLII. This and the four succeeding letters must be placed before the episcopate. Their genuineness has been contested, but apparently without much reason. In one of the Parisian Codices the ti

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The Life of Paulus the First Hermit · Jerome

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7. But to return to the point at which I digressed. The blessed Paul had already lived on earth the life of heaven for a hundred and thirteen years, and Antony at the age of ninety was dwelling in ano

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The Life of S. Hilarion · Jerome

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6. One night he began to hear the wailing of infants, the bleating of flocks, the lowing of oxen, the lament of what seemed to be women, the roaring of lions, the noise of an army, and moreover variou

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The Life of S. Hilarion · Jerome

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30. Some may wonder at the miracles he worked, or his incredible fasting, knowledge, and humility. Nothing so astonishes me as his power to tread under foot honour and glory. Bishops, presbyters, crow

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The Twelve Books on the Institutes of the Cœnobia, and the Remedies for the Eight Principal Faults · John Cassian

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Renunciation is nothing but the evidence of the cross and of mortification. And so you must know that to-day you are dead to this world and its deeds and desires, and that, as the Apostle says, you ar

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The Twelve Books on the Institutes of the Cœnobia, and the Remedies for the Eight Principal Faults · John Cassian

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In order to preserve the mind and body in a perfect condition abstinence from food is not alone sufficient: unless the other virtues of the mind as well are joined to it. And so humility must first be

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The Twelve Books on the Institutes of the Cœnobia, and the Remedies for the Eight Principal Faults · John Cassian

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For it is not an external enemy whom we have to dread. Our foe is shut up within ourselves: an internal warfare is daily waged by us: and if we are victorious in this, all external things will be made

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