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christian-anthropology-ethicsfeatured in 40 works

Conscience

The inner voice that judges right from wrong before the act is done

Conscience is the inner moral faculty by which a person judges the rightness of acts. Paul speaks of it in Romans 2 as a witness written on the heart, Jerome reflected on it, and Aquinas distinguished synderesis, the abiding grasp of first moral principles, from the conscience that applies them to particular choices. Across the Christian tradition, conscience names the place where moral truth meets personal responsibility.

How it traveled

  1. Romans
    Corinth · 67
    explains
  2. 1 Corinthians
    Ephesus · 67
    explains
  3. Matthew
    Antioch · 80
    explains
  4. The Letters
    Caesarea (Cappadocia) · 379
    explains
  5. On the Duties of the Clergy
    Milan · 397
    explains
  6. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  7. Homilies on First Corinthians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  8. A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  9. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  10. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Timothy, Titus, and Philemon
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  11. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Philippians, Colossians, and Thessalonians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  12. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Gospel of St. John
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  13. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Epistle to the Hebrews
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  14. Homilies on Second Corinthians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  15. The Commentary and Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Galatians and Ephesians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  16. The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  17. The Letters of St. Jerome
    Bethlehem · 420
    explains
  18. Expositions on the Book of Psalms
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  19. Letters of St. Augustin
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  20. City of God
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  21. The Confessions
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  22. On Lying
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  23. Against Lying
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  24. On Christian Doctrine
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  25. Our Lord’s Sermon on the Mount
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  26. The Book of Pastoral Rule, and Selected Epistles, of Gregory the Great
    Rome · 604
    explains
  27. Selected Epistles of Gregory the Great
    Rome · 604
    explains
  28. Treatise on Man (qq[75]-102)
    Paris · 1274
    explains
  29. Commentary on Galatians
    Wittenberg · 1546
    explains
  30. Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It
    Geneva · 1564
    explains
  31. Book Fourth. of the Holy Catholic Church
    Geneva · 1564
    explains
  32. Book Second. of the Knowledge of God the Redeemer, in Christ, as First Manifested to the Fathers, Under the Law, and Thereafter to Us Under the Gospel
    Geneva · 1564
    explains
  33. Seventeen Occasional Sermons
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  34. A Treatise Concerning Religious Affections, in Three Parts
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  35. a careful and strict inquiry into the prevailing notions of the freedom of will
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  36. Thoughts on the Revival of Religion in New England
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  37. Inquiry Concerning Qualification for Communion
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  38. Misrepresentations Corrected and Truth Vindicated, in Reply to the Rev. Solomon Williams
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  39. A Dissertation on the Nature of True Virtue
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  40. Fifteen Sermons. On Various Subjects
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains

Key passages(20)

REF ref-pope-francis-on-heaven-and-earth

On Heaven and Earth · Pope Francis

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REF ref-pope-john-paul-i-illustrissimi-letters-from-pope-john-paul-i

Illustrissimi: Letters from Pope John Paul I · Pope John Paul I

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REF ref-pope-john-xxiii-journal-of-a-soul

Journal of a Soul · Pope St. John XXIII

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Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin

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15. Therefore, lest this prove a stumbling-block to any, let us observe that in man government is twofold: the one spiritual, by which the conscience is trained to piety and divine worship; the other

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I answer that, "Synderesis" is not a power but a habit; though some held that it is a power higher than reason; while others [*Cf. Alexander of Hales, Sum. Theol. II, Q[73]] said that it is reason its

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Of natural conscience, and the moral sense. There is yet another disposition or principle, of great importance, natural to mankind; which, if we consider the consistence and harmony of nature’s laws,

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But though men in thinking of others do as it were put themselves in their place, they do it so habitually, instantaneously, and without set purpose, that they can scarce give any account of it, and m

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But it further appears from this; if the approbation of conscience were the same with the approbation of the inclination of the heart, or the natural disposition and determination of the mind to love

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Do you not, for all your attendance on ordinances, continue in the allowed neglect of your precious souls, neglecting secret prayer or some known duty of private religion? Or do you not allow yourselv

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Acts · Luke the Evangelist

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Herein I also practice always having a conscience void of offense toward God and men.

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1. We come now to the second part of power, which, according to them, consists in the enacting of laws, from which source innumerable traditions have arisen, to be as many deadly snares to miserable s

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French, “entre le siege judicial de Dieu, qui est spirituel, et la justice terrestre des hommes;”—between the judgment-seat of God and the terrestrial justice of men. 4. Wherefore, as works have resp

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Five Sermons. On Different Occasions · Jonathan Edwards

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Not only are no awakenings and terrors any certain evidence of this, but no mere legal work whatsoever, though carried to the utmost extent. Nothing wherein there is no grace or spiritual light, but o

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Homilies on First Corinthians · John Chrysostom

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“And their conscience being weak is defiled.” No where as yet doth he state his argument about the nature of the thing, but turns himself this way and that as concerning the conscience of the person p

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Romans · Paul the Apostle

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in that they show the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience testifying with them, and their thoughts among themselves accusing or else excusing them)

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That the principle, which is assisted in making natural men sensible of their desert of wrath, is natural conscience. Though man has lost a principle of love to God, and all spiritual principles by th

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THE glory of a good man is the testimony of a good conscience. Therefore, keep your conscience good and you will always enjoy happiness, for a good conscience can bear a great deal and can bring joy e

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Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin

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6. This is the reason why the author of the Epistle to the Hebrews ascribes to faith all the good works which the holy patriarchs are said to have performed, and estimates them merely by faith (Heb. 1

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Homilies on First Corinthians · John Chrysostom

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Homily XXV. 1 Cor. x. 25 Whatsoever is sold in the shambles, eat, asking no question for conscience sake. Having said that “they could not drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of the devils,” and

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The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans · John Chrysostom

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Verse 12 assigns the ground of v. 11. “Sin brings penalty and death whether committed under the Mosaic law or under the ethical law of conscience.” The first member of the sentence (v. 12) applies to

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Modern teachers who discuss this idea

Modern and living teachers whose books take up Conscience. These works are still in copyright, so we can’t show the text here — each links out to the book.