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Wellsprings
christian-councils-heresiestraced through 7 key works

First Council of Constantinople (381)

The council that finished the Creed and confessed the Spirit as Lord and Giver of Life

Held in 381, this second ecumenical council expanded the work of Nicaea by affirming the full divinity of the Holy Spirit. It completed the creed Christians still recite, now called the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed, which confesses Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as one God. The council secured the doctrine of the Trinity against those who denied the Spirit's deity, giving the Church its enduring confession of faith.

How it traveled

  1. The Second Ecumenical Council: The First Council of Constantinople
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 381 CE
    explains
  2. Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen
    Nazianzus · c. 390 CE
    explains
  3. The Ecclesiastical History of Socrates Scholasticus
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 439 CE
    explains
  4. The Ecclesiastical History of Sozomen
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 450 CE
    applies
  5. The Ecclesiastical History, Dialogues, and Letters of Theodoret
    Cyrrhus · c. 458 CE
    explains
  6. The Fifth Ecumenical Council. The Second Council of Constantinople
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 553 CE
    explains
  7. The Book of Pastoral Rule, and Selected Epistles, of Gregory the Great
    Rome · c. 604 CE
    explains

Key passages(20)

Each passage is tagged by what it does with the idea: explains it, applies it in practice, redefines it with a new meaning, or challenges it. Relevance shows how directly the passage is about this idea.

Oration XLII. The Last Farewell in the Presence of the One Hundred and Fifty Bishops. ThisOration was delivered during the Second Œcumenical Council, held at Constantinople a.d. 381. Historical as w

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Besides, since with the heart man believeth unto righteousness, and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation, I confess that I receive and revere, as the four books of the Gospel so also the f

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Chapter VIII.—A Synod consisting of One Hundred and Fifty Bishops meets at Constantinople. The Decrees passed. Ordination of Nectarius. The emperor making no delay summoned a Synodhomoousion, Cf. pa

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Chapter IX.—Decrees of the Second General Council. Maximus, the Cynical Philosopher. After these transactions, Nectarius and the other priests assembled together, Soc. v. 8; cf. Theodoret, H. E. v.

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Relevance: Very high

Timotheus, bishop of Alexandria, who had followed Peter, the successor of Athanasius in the patriarchate, ordained in place of the admirable Gregorius, Maximus—a cynic who had but recently suffered hi

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Canons of the One Hundred and Fifty Fathers who assembled at Constantinople during the Consulate of those Illustrious Men, Flavius Eucherius and Flavius Evagrius on the VII of the Ides of July. Such

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Canon III. The Bishop of Constantinople, however, shall have the prerogative of honour after the Bishop of Rome; because Constantinople is New Rome. Notes. Ancient Epitome of Canon III. The bishop

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Canon V. (Probably adopted at a Council held in Constantinople the next year, 382. Vide. Introduction on the number of the Canons.) In regard to the tome of the Western [Bishops], we receive those i

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Canon VII. Those who from heresy turn to orthodoxy, and to the portion of those who are being saved, we receive according to the following method and custom: Arians, and Macedonians, and Sabbatians,

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Warning to the Reader Touching Canon VII. (Beveridge, Synodicon, Tom. II., in loc.) This canon, I confess, is contained in all the editions of the Commentaries of Balsamon and Zonaras. It is cited a

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Καὶ εἰς τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα πιστεύομεν,…ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορευόμενον καὶ ἐκ τοῦ Υἱοῦ λαμβανόμενον καὶ πιστευόμενον, εἰς μίαν καθολικὴν κ.τ.λ. Now it looks to me as if the text had got corrupted and that th

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The Second Ecumenical Council: The First Council of Constantinople · The Ecumenical Councils

Relevance: Very high

Historical Note on the Lost “Tome” of the Second Council. We know from the Synodical letter sent by the bishops who assembled at Constantinople in a.d. 382 (the next year after the Second Ecumenical

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Letter of the Same Holy Synod to the Most Pious Emperor Theodosius the Great, to Which are Appended the Canons Enacted by Them. (Found in Labbe, Concilia, Tom. II., 945.) To the most religious Emper

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The Second Ecumenical Council: The First Council of Constantinople · The Ecumenical Councils

Relevance: Very high

Council of Constantinople. a.d. 382. The Synodical Letter. Found in Theod., H. E. v. 9. The reader is warned against inaccurate translations of the dogmatic portions. To the right honourable lords

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The Fifth Ecumenical Council. The Second Council of Constantinople · The Ecumenical Councils

Relevance: Very high

We confessed that we hold, preserve, and declare to the holy churches that confession of faith which the 318 holy Fathers more at length set forth, who were gathered together at Nice, who handed down

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Canon VI. (Probably adopted at a Council held in Constantinople the next year, 382. Vide Introduction on the number of Canons.) Forasmuch as many wishing to confuse and overturn ecclesiastical order

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The Fifth Ecumenical Council. The Second Council of Constantinople · The Ecumenical Councils

Relevance: Very high

Extracts from the Acts. Session I. (Labbe and Cossart, Concilia, Tom. V., col. 419.) [The Emperor’s Letter which was read to the Fathers.] In the Name of our Lord God Jesus Christ. The Emperor Fla

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“The natures which have been brought together in the true unity are distinct, and of both there is one God and Son, but the difference of the natures has not been removed in consequence of the union.”

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The Fifth Ecumenical Council. The Second Council of Constantinople · The Ecumenical Councils

Relevance: Very high

For the definition agreed with the one and unchanging faith set forth as well by the 318 holy Fathers as by the 150 and by those who assembled at the first synod at Ephesus. But that impious letter, o

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Relevance: High

After what manner a disease, if neglected in its beginning, acquires strength we have proved from our own necessities, whosoever of us have had our lot in this life. If, then, it were met by the fores

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