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christian-councils-heresiesfeatured in 20 works

Ecumenical Council

When the bishops of the world gather, the whole Church is meant to listen

An ecumenical council is a universal gathering of bishops whose doctrinal definitions are held to bind the whole Church, beginning with the First Council of Nicaea. The traditions differ on which councils truly count and how many there are: the Oriental Orthodox accept three, the Eastern Orthodox commonly seven, and the Catholic Church counts twenty-one. So the term carries an agreed core but a contested list across the churches.

How it traveled

  1. The First Ecumenical Council: The First Council of Nice
    Nicaea · 325
    explains
  2. The Church History of Eusebius
    Caesarea · 339
    explains
  3. The Life of Constantine with Orations of Constantine and Eusebius
    Caesarea · 339
    explains
  4. The Canons of the Councils of Ancyra, Gangra, Neocæsarea, Antioch and Laodicea, which Canons were Accepted and Received by the Ecumenical Synods
    · 360
    explains
  5. Defence Against the Arians. (Apologia Contra Arianos.)
    Alexandria · 373
    explains
  6. The Second Ecumenical Council: The First Council of Constantinople
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 381
    explains
  7. The Third Ecumenical Council: The Council of Ephesus
    Ephesus · 431
    explains
  8. The Ecclesiastical History of Socrates Scholasticus
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 439
    explains
  9. The Commonitory of Vincent of Lérins, For the Antiquity and Universality of the Catholic Faith Against the Profane Novelties of All Heresies
    Lérins · 445
    explains
  10. The Ecclesiastical History of Sozomen
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 450
    explains
  11. The Fourth Ecumenical Council. The Council of Chalcedon
    Chalcedon · 451
    explains
  12. The Ecclesiastical History, Dialogues, and Letters of Theodoret
    Cyrrhus · 458
    explains
  13. The Letters and Sermons of Leo the Great
    Rome · 461
    explains
  14. The Fifth Ecumenical Council. The Second Council of Constantinople
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 553
    explains
  15. The Book of Pastoral Rule, and Selected Epistles, of Gregory the Great
    Rome · 604
    explains
  16. The Sixth Ecumenical Council. The Third Council of Constantinople
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 680
    explains
  17. The Canons of the Council in Trullo; Often Called The Quinisext Council
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 692
    explains
  18. The Canons of the Synods of Sardica, Carthage, Constantinople, and Carthage Under St. Cyprian, Which Canons Were Received by the Council in Trullo and Ratified by II. Nice
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 692
    explains
  19. The Seventh Ecumenical Council. The Second Council of Nice
    Nicaea · 787
    explains
  20. Book Fourth. of the Holy Catholic Church
    Geneva · 1564
    explains

Key passages(20)

REF ref-georges-florovsky-bible-church-tradition-an-eastern-orthodox-view

Bible, Church, Tradition: An Eastern Orthodox View · Georges Florovsky

Citation only · not on Sefaria
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OF COUNCILS AND THEIR AUTHORITY. See Calvin’s Antidote to the Articles of Sorbonne; Letter to Sadolet; Necessity of Reforming the Church; Antidote to the Council of Trent; Remarks on the Paternal Adm

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7. But there is one memorable example which may suffice for all. In the council which the priests and Pharisees assembled at Jerusalem against Christ (John 11:47), what is wanting, in so far as extern

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The Canons of the Council in Trullo; Often Called The Quinisext Council · The Ecumenical Councils

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Canon II. It has also seemed good to this holy Council, that the eighty-five canons, received and ratified by the holy and blessed Fathers before us, and also handed down to us in the name of the hol

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Canon XV. On account of the great disturbance and discords that occur, it is decreed that the custom prevailing in certain places contrary to the Canon, must wholly be done away; so that neither bish

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The Fourth Ecumenical Council. The Council of Chalcedon · The Ecumenical Councils

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Decree with Regard to Nicomedia. Session XIII. (Labbe and Cossart, Concilia, Tom. IV., col. 715.) The most glorious judges said [after the reading of the imperial letters was finished]: These divin

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The Fourth Ecumenical Council. The Council of Chalcedon · The Ecumenical Councils

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Constantine, the secretary, read from a book handed him by Aëtius, the archdeacon; Canon Six of the 318 holy Fathers. “Let the ancient customs prevail, those of Egypt, πρεσβεῖα) be preserved to the ch

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The Fourth Ecumenical Council. The Council of Chalcedon · The Ecumenical Councils

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Session III. [The imperial representatives do not seem to have been present, and after Aëtius the Archdeacon of Constantinople had opened the Session,] Paschasinus the bishop of Lilybæum, in the pro

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Canon IX. If any Clergyman have a matter against another clergyman, he shall not forsake his bishop and run to secular courts; but let him first lay open the matter before his own Bishop, or let the

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Canon XII. It has come to our knowledge that certain persons, contrary to the laws of the Church, having had recourse to secular powers, have by means of imperial rescripts divided one Province into

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Canon XXVI. Forasmuch as we have heard that in certain churches the bishops managed the church-business without stewards, it has seemed good that every church having a bishop shall have also a stewar

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Canon II. The bishops are not to go beyond their dioceses to churches lying outside of their bounds, nor bring confusion on the churches; but let the Bishop of Alexandria, according to the canons, al

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The Canons of the Holy and Ecumenical Seventh Council. This is the caption as given in the Greek of Beveridge’s Synod. Canon I. That the sacred Canons are in all things to be observed. The pattern

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Canon XI. That Œconomi ought to be in the Episcopal palaces and in the Monasteries. Since we are under obligation to guard all the divine canons, we ought by all means to maintain in its integrity t

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Canon VIII. Our brother bishop Rheginus, the beloved of God, and his fellow beloved of God bishops, Zeno and Evagrius, of the Province of Cyprus, have reported to us an innovation which has been intr

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The Divine “Divine” here, as usually in such connections, means “imperial.” Mendham (The Seventh General Council, the Second of Nicæa. London, s.d.) by a curious blunder takes the adjective for the

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The Fifth Ecumenical Council. The Second Council of Constantinople · The Ecumenical Councils

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The Sentence of the Synod. (From the Acts. Collation VIII., L. and C., Conc., Tom. V., col. 562.) Our Great God and Saviour Jesus Christ, as we learn from the parable in the Gospel, distributes tale

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Canon XX. Forasmuch as there are certain persons who kneel on the Lord’s Day and in the days of Pentecost, therefore, to the intent that all things may be uniformly observed everywhere (in every pari

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The Fourth Ecumenical Council. The Council of Chalcedon · The Ecumenical Councils

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Extracts from the Acts. Session I. (Labbe and Cossart, Concilia, Tom. IV., col. 93.) Paschasinus, the most reverend bishop and legate of the Apostolic See, stood up in the midst with his most rever

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The Fourth Ecumenical Council. The Council of Chalcedon · The Ecumenical Councils

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Extracts from the Acts. Session II. (L. and C., Concilia, Tom. IV., col. 338.) When all were seated before the rails of the most holy altar, the most superb and glorious judges and the great (ὑπερφ

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Modern teachers who discuss this idea

Modern and living teachers whose books take up Ecumenical Council. These works are still in copyright, so we can’t show the text here — each links out to the book.