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Wellsprings
christian-christologytraced through 24 key works

Christ as Head of the Church

The Church is a body, and Christ is its living head

Christians confess that Christ is the head of the Church, his body, from whom it draws its life and unity. The image, drawn from the letters to the Ephesians and Colossians, portrays the Church not as a mere organization but as an organism animated by Christ. As the head directs and nourishes the body, so the Church depends on Christ for its growth, coherence, and very existence.

How it traveled

  1. Ephesians
    Rome · c. 67 CE
    explains
  2. 1 Corinthians
    Ephesus · c. 67 CE
    explains
  3. Colossians
    Rome · c. 67 CE
    explains
  4. John
    Ephesus · c. 100 CE
    explains
  5. Ephraim Syrus: The Nisibene Hymns
    Edessa · c. 373 CE
    explains
  6. The Commentary and Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Galatians and Ephesians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CE
    explains
  7. Homilies on First Corinthians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CE
    explains
  8. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Gospel of St. John
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CE
    explains
  9. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Philippians, Colossians, and Thessalonians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CE
    explains
  10. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CE
    explains
  11. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CE
    explains
  12. Expositions on the Book of Psalms
    Hippo Regius · c. 430 CE
    explains
  13. Lectures or Tractates on the Gospel According to St. John
    Hippo Regius · c. 430 CE
    explains
  14. Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New Testament
    Hippo Regius · c. 430 CE
    explains
  15. Treatise on the Incarnation (qq[1]-59)
    Paris · c. 1274 CE
    explains
  16. Book Second. of the Knowledge of God the Redeemer, in Christ, as First Manifested to the Fathers, Under the Law, and Thereafter to Us Under the Gospel
    Geneva · c. 1564 CE
    explains
  17. Book Fourth. of the Holy Catholic Church
    Geneva · c. 1564 CE
    explains
  18. Five Sermons. On Different Occasions
    Northampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CE
    explains
  19. Confirmation of the Angels
    Northampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CE
    explains
  20. Seventeen Occasional Sermons
    Northampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CE
    explains
  21. XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation
    Northampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CE
    explains
  22. The Wisdom of God Displayed in the Way of Salvation
    Northampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CE
    explains
  23. Heaven
    Northampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CE
    explains
  24. Fall of the Angels
    Northampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CE
    explains

Key passages(20)

Each passage is tagged by what it does with the idea: explains it, applies it in practice, redefines it with a new meaning, or challenges it. Relevance shows how directly the passage is about this idea.

We must now consider the grace of Christ as the Head of the Church; and under this head there are eight points of inquiry: (1) Whether Christ is the Head of the Church? (2) Whether He is the Head of

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I answer that, Since everything acts inasmuch as it is a being in act, it must be the same act whereby it is in act and whereby it acts, as it is the same heat whereby fire is hot and whereby it heats

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1 Corinthians · Paul the Apostle

Relevance: Very high

But I would have you know that the head of every man is Christ, and the head of the woman is the man, and the head of Christ is God.

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Chapter 18.—Of the Perfect Man, that Is, Christ; And of His Body, that Is, The Church, Which is His Fullness. To understand what the apostle means when he says that we shall all come to a perfect man

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Colossians · Paul the Apostle

Relevance: Very high

He is the head of the body, the assembly, who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead; that in all things he might have the preeminence.

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Colossians · Paul the Apostle

Relevance: Very high

and not holding firmly to the Head, from whom all the body, being supplied and knit together through the joints and ligaments, grows with God’s growth.

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Ephesians · Paul the Apostle

Relevance: Very high

He put all things in subjection under his feet, and gave him to be head over all things for the assembly,

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Ephesians · Paul the Apostle

Relevance: Very high

For the husband is the head of the wife, and Christ also is the head of the assembly, being himself the savior of the body.

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Ephraim Syrus: The Nisibene Hymns · Ephrem the Syrian

Relevance: Very high

Hymn XV. 1. If the head had not been right,—haply the members had murmured:—for when because of a perverse head—the course of the members is put astray,—they are wont to lay the blame on the head. R.

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Five Sermons. On Different Occasions · Jonathan Edwards

Relevance: Very high

As the glorified spouse of this great King reigns with and in him, in his dominion over the universe, so more especially does she partake with him in the joy and glory of his reign in his kingdom of g

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Heaven · Jonathan Edwards

Relevance: Very high

[1089] The saints in heaven acquainted with the state of the church on earth. The man Christ Jesus is the head of the glorified saints in heaven. He is the head of the glorious assembly, who leads the

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Homilies on First Corinthians · John Chrysostom

Relevance: Very high

Homily XXX. 1 Cor. xii. 12 For as the body is one, and hath many members, and all the members of the body, being many, are one body; so also is Christ. After soothing them from the considerations t

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On the Creed · Augustine of Hippo

Relevance: Very high

17. We believe also “the resurrection of the flesh,” which went before in Christ: that the body too may have hope of that which went before in its Head. The Head of the Church, Christ: the Church, the

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Sermon LXXXVII. [CXXXVII. Ben.] The tenth chapter of the Gospel of John. Of the shepherd, and the hireling, and the thief. 1. Your faith, dearly beloved, is not ignorant, and I know that ye have so

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The Commentary and Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Galatians and Ephesians · John Chrysostom

Relevance: Very high

Διὰ τὸν ἐνοικοῦντα Θεὸν Λόγον. The ‘inhabitation’ of the Word in our flesh, was a favorite form of speech with the Nestorians, who thereby insinuated that the Word dwelt in ‘a’ man, or denied Christ’s

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The Commentary and Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Galatians and Ephesians · John Chrysostom

Relevance: Very high

Homily X. Ephesians iv. 4 “There is one body, and one Spirit, even as ye are called in one hope of your calling.” When the blessed Paul exhorts us to anything of special importance, so truly wise a

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The Commentary and Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Galatians and Ephesians · John Chrysostom

Relevance: Very high

Homily XX. Ephesians v. 22–24 “Wives, be in subjection unto your own husbands, as unto the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife, as Christ also is the head of the Church: being Himself the

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The Commentary and Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Galatians and Ephesians · John Chrysostom

Relevance: Very high

What, again, means this? To how much greater a similitude, and stronger example has he come; and not only so, but also to one how much nearer and clearer, and to a fresh obligation. For that other one

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Relevance: Very high

For not in vain, nor without reason, does Paul constantly command them to practice virtue, and to be obedient to their master, not so much regarding the service of their masters, as that the word of G

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Reply to Objection 3: The holy Fathers made use of the legal sacraments, not as realities, but as images and shadows of what was to come. Now it is the same motion to an image as image, and to the rea

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