Intermediate State
What becomes of the soul between death and the resurrection of the body?
The intermediate state is the condition of the soul between bodily death and the final resurrection. Passages such as Luke 16, along with Tertullian and later scholastic discussion, reflect on it. Traditions differ on what it involves: some hold conscious bliss or torment, others speak of a kind of soul sleep, and others of a purification. Christians thus share the question while disagreeing about how the waiting is experienced.
How it traveled
- LukeRome · c. 84 CEexplains
- RevelationPatmos · c. 100 CEexplains
- The Resurrection of the DeadAlexandria · c. 190 CEexplains
- A Treatise on the Soul.— · c. 220 CEexplains
- On the Resurrection of the Flesh.— · c. 220 CEexplains
- Aphrahat: Select DemonstrationsMosul · c. 345 CEexplains
- Ephraim Syrus: The Nisibene HymnsEdessa · c. 373 CEexplains
- Life of Antony. (Vita Antoni.)Alexandria · c. 373 CEexplains
- Select Orations of Saint Gregory NazianzenNazianzus · c. 390 CEexplains
- On the Soul and the ResurrectionNyssa · c. 395 CEexplains
- On the Decease of His Brother SatyrusMilan · c. 397 CEexplains
- The Homilies of St. John ChrysostomConstantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CEexplains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Philippians, Colossians, and ThessaloniansConstantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CEexplains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Epistle to the HebrewsConstantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CEexplains
- Homilies on First CorinthiansConstantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CEexplains
- Homilies on Second CorinthiansConstantinople (Istanbul) · c. 407 CEexplains
- The Letters of St. JeromeBethlehem · c. 420 CEexplains
- City of GodHippo Regius · c. 430 CEexplains
- Expositions on the Book of PsalmsHippo Regius · c. 430 CEexplains
- Letters of St. AugustinHippo Regius · c. 430 CEexplains
- A Treatise on the Soul and its OriginHippo Regius · c. 430 CEexplains
- The EnchiridionHippo Regius · c. 430 CEexplains
- Lectures or Tractates on the Gospel According to St. JohnHippo Regius · c. 430 CEexplains
- On Care to Be Had for the DeadHippo Regius · c. 430 CEexplains
- The ConfessionsHippo Regius · c. 430 CEexplains
- Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New TestamentHippo Regius · c. 430 CEexplains
- Treatise on Man (qq[75]-102)Paris · c. 1274 CEexplains
- Treatise on the Incarnation (qq[1]-59)Paris · c. 1274 CEexplains
- Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from ItGeneva · c. 1564 CEexplains
- Book Second. of the Knowledge of God the Redeemer, in Christ, as First Manifested to the Fathers, Under the Law, and Thereafter to Us Under the GospelGeneva · c. 1564 CEexplains
- Seventeen Occasional SermonsNorthampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CEexplains
- HeavenNorthampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CEexplains
- Five Sermons. On Different OccasionsNorthampton, Massachusetts · c. 1758 CEexplains
Key passages(20)
Each passage is tagged by what it does with the idea: explains it, applies it in practice, redefines it with a new meaning, or challenges it. Relevance shows how directly the passage is about this idea.
[710.] Heaven Separate state Resurrection Dispensations. How the happiness of the resurrection state will exceed the present happiness in heaven. It looks to me probable, that the glory of the state o
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Seventeen Occasional Sermons · Jonathan Edwards
2. Here the souls of wicked men shall suffer extreme and amazing misery in a separate state, until the resurrection. This misery is not indeed their full punishment; nor is the happiness of the saints
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The Enchiridion · Augustine of Hippo
Chapter 109.—The State of the Soul During the Interval Between Death and the Resurrection. During the time, moreover, which intervenes between a man’s death and the final resurrection, the soul dwell
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A Treatise on the Soul and its Origin · Augustine of Hippo
Chapter 8.—The Thirst of the Rich Man in Hell Does Not Prove the Soul to Be Corporeal. Now with regard to the point, which with perfect propriety and great soundness of view he believes, that souls a
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A Treatise on the Soul. · Apologetic
Chapter LVIII.—Conclusion. Points Postponed. All Souls are Kept in Hades Until the Resurrection, Anticipating Their Ultimate Misery or Bliss. All souls, therefore, are shut up within Hades: do you ad
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Against Heresies: Book II · Irenaeus of Lyons
1. Let us return, however, to the remaining points of their system. For when they declaresouls but because they are righteous. But if souls would have 2. For it is manifest that those acts which are
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Aphrahat: Select Demonstrations · Aphrahat
15. And concerning all this that I have explained to thee, that those dead persons were raised with two words each, it was because for them two resurrections take place; that former one, and the secon
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Expositions on the Book of Psalms · Augustine of Hippo
The Second Part. 1. “Like sheep laid in hell, death is their shepherd” (ver. 14). Whose? Of those whose way is a stumbling-block to themselves. Whose? Of those who mind only things present, while the
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Five Sermons. On Different Occasions · Jonathan Edwards
Preached on the day of the funeral of the Rev. Mr. David Brainerd, Missionary to the Indians, from the Honorable Society in Scotland for the propagation of Christian Knowledge, and Pastor of a Church
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It is no privilege to be continued in this world, to have opportunity to see here the success of the gospel and glorious things accomplished in the church. If this had been any privilege, the man Chri
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Hence it follows, that the special affection which the saints have in this world to other saints, who are their friends, will in some respect remain in another world. I do not see why we should not su
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[546] Separate state Hell torments Heaven. It may possibly seem strange that the torments of the wicked should be so great, while they are only in prison, in order to their judgment and punishment. Bu
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Homilies on Second Corinthians · John Chrysostom
That which is greater than all he has put last, for to be with Christ is better, than receiving an incorruptible [body.] But what he means is this: ‘He quencheth not our life that warreth against and
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Letters of St. Augustin · Augustine of Hippo
Letter CLVIII. (a.d. 414.) To My Lord Augustin, My Brother Partner in the Sacerdotal Office, Most Sincerely Loved, with Profound Respect, and to the Brethren Who are with Him, Evodiusand the Brethre
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On Care to Be Had for the Dead · Augustine of Hippo
17. Some man may say: “If there be not in the dead any care for the living, how is it that the rich man, who was tormented in hell, asked father Abraham to send Lazarus to his five brothers not as yet
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On the Soul and the Resurrection · Gregory of Nyssa
And who, she replied, could deny that truth is to be found only in that upon which the seal of Scriptural testimony is set? So, if it is necessary that something from the Gospels should be adduced in
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
Heirs, Cf. S. Basil Ep. 26 (32). Cæsarius left all his property to the poor. This passage shows that his own family welcomed and approved the bequest, which S. Gregory was at much pains to carry out,
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Seventeen Occasional Sermons · Jonathan Edwards
1. The soul, when it is separated from the body, shall be cast down into hell. There is without doubt a particular judgment by which every man is to be tried at death, beside the general judgment: for
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Seventeen Occasional Sermons · Jonathan Edwards
2. Death is not only no death to them, but it is a translation to a more glorious life, and is turned into a kind of resurrection from the dead. Death is a happy change to them, and a change that is b
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Seventeen Occasional Sermons · Jonathan Edwards
3. They shall remain there in a state of exceeding glory and blessedness, till the resurrection. They shall remain there in the enjoyment of God, dwelling with Jesus Christ in a state of perfect rest,
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