Ministerial Priesthood
The ordained who offer the Eucharist and minister the sacraments — a contested office
The ministerial priesthood is the ordained office that offers the Eucharist and administers the sacraments. Early witnesses such as Ignatius of Antioch and Cyprian attest to a structured ministry. The traditions differ: Catholic and Orthodox churches affirm a distinct, sacramental priesthood set apart by ordination, while many Protestant communions reject a separate sacerdotal order and emphasize instead the priesthood shared by all believers.
How it traveled
- HebrewsRome · 67explains
- Book VIII. Concerning Gifts, and Ordinations, and the Ecclesiastical Canons— · 220explains
- The Epistles of Cyprian.Carthage · 258explains
- The Church History of EusebiusCaesarea · 339explains
- The Canons of the Councils of Ancyra, Gangra, Neocæsarea, Antioch and Laodicea, which Canons were Accepted and Received by the Ecumenical Synods— · 360explains
- Ephraim Syrus: The Nisibene HymnsEdessa · 373explains
- Select Orations of Saint Gregory NazianzenNazianzus · 390explains
- Selections from the Letters of St. AmbroseMilan · 397explains
- On the Duties of the ClergyMilan · 397explains
- Treatise Concerning the Christian PriesthoodConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Epistle to the HebrewsConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Timothy, Titus, and PhilemonConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- A Commentary on the Acts of the ApostlesConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- Homilies on First CorinthiansConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Philippians, Colossians, and ThessaloniansConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Homilies of St. John ChrysostomConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407applies
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the RomansConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407redefines
- The Homilies on the Statues to the People of AntiochConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- Homilies on Second CorinthiansConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Gospel of St. JohnConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Letters of St. JeromeBethlehem · 420explains
- Letters of St. AugustinHippo Regius · 430explains
- City of GodHippo Regius · 430explains
- The Ecclesiastical History of Socrates ScholasticusConstantinople (Istanbul) · 439applies
- The Ecclesiastical History of SozomenConstantinople (Istanbul) · 450explains
- The Ecclesiastical History, Dialogues, and Letters of TheodoretCyrrhus · 458explains
- The Letters and Sermons of Leo the GreatRome · 461explains
- The Book of Pastoral Rule, and Selected Epistles, of Gregory the GreatRome · 604explains
- Selected Epistles of Gregory the GreatRome · 604explains
- The Canons of the Council in Trullo; Often Called The Quinisext CouncilConstantinople (Istanbul) · 692applies
- The Seventh Ecumenical Council. The Second Council of NiceNicaea · 787explains
- Treatise on the Sacraments (qq[60]-90)Paris · 1274explains
- Treatise on the Incarnation (qq[1]-59)Paris · 1274explains
- An Invitation to Holy CommunionZwolle · 1471explains
- Book Fourth. of the Holy Catholic ChurchGeneva · 1564redefines
- Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from ItGeneva · 1564explains
- Book Second. of the Knowledge of God the Redeemer, in Christ, as First Manifested to the Fathers, Under the Law, and Thereafter to Us Under the GospelGeneva · 1564explains
- Seventeen Occasional SermonsNorthampton, Massachusetts · 1758explains
- Five Sermons. On Different OccasionsNorthampton, Massachusetts · 1758explains
- Thoughts on the Revival of Religion in New EnglandNorthampton, Massachusetts · 1758applies
Key passages(20)
An Invitation to Holy Communion · Thomas à Kempis
HAD you the purity of an angel and the sanctity of St. John the Baptist, you would not be worthy to receive or administer this Sacrament. It is not because of any human meriting that a man consecrates
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Book Fourth. of the Holy Catholic Church · John Calvin
Vid. Calv. Ep. de Fugiend. Illic. Sacris. Item, De Sacerdotiis Eccles. Papal. Item, De Necessitate Reform. Eccles. Item, Epist. ad Sadoletum OF THE POPISH MASS. HOW IT NOT ONLY PROFANES, BUT ANNIHILA
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Book Fourth. of the Holy Catholic Church · John Calvin
28. There remain the three orders which they call major. Of these, what they call the subdeaconate was transferred to this class, after the crowd of minor began to be prolific. But as they think they
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Ephraim Syrus: The Nisibene Hymns · Ephrem the Syrian
Hymn XVIII. 1. O thou who art made priest after thy master, the illustrious after the excellent, the chaste after the grave, the watchful after the abstinent, thy master from thee has not departed; i
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Ephraim Syrus: Three Homilies · Ephrem the Syrian
51. Accordingly, the Son came to the servant; not that the Son might be presented by the servant, but that by the Son the servant might present to His Lord Priesthood and Prophecy, to be laid up with
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For every high priest, being taken from among men, is appointed for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins.
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Now if there were perfection through the Levitical priesthood (for under it the people have received the law), what further need was there for another priest to arise after the order of Melchizedek, a
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(for they indeed have been made priests without an oath), but he with an oath by him that says of him, “The Lord swore and will not change his mind, ‘You are a priest forever, according to the order o
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who doesn’t need, like those high priests, to offer up sacrifices daily, first for his own sins, and then for the sins of the people. For he did this once for all, when he offered up himself.
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
Introduction to Oration II. It is generally agreed that this oration was not intended for oral delivery. Its object was to explain and defend S. Gregory’s recent conduct, which had been severely crit
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
A man. A Greek scholiast says that this was Origen (ob. a.d. 235), who gives this interpretation in his commentary on the prophecy of Jonah. Elias says that he had read it in the commentary of Methodi
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
8. I was influenced besides by another feeling, whether base or noble I do not know, but I will speak out to you all my secrets. I was ashamed of all those others, who, without being better than ordin
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
18. Place and time and age and season and the like are the subjects of a physician’s scrutiny; he will prescribe medicines and diet, and guard against things injurious, that the desires of the sick ma
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
Those who, &c. μιγάδας, cf. xxi., 10, where μοναδικοὶ and οἱ τῆς ἐρηυίας are distinguished from μιγάδες and οἱ τῆς ἐπιμιξίας. Clémencet here holds that οἱ τῆς ἐρημίας are hermits as distinguished from
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
46. And who is sufficient for these things? For we are not as the many, able to corrupt 2 Cor. ii. 16, 17. Isai. i. 22. Ps. civ. 15. Ventriloquists. Isai. viii. 19, “Wizards.” Ezek. iii. 20; xxxi
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
2 Cor. xii. 2, 4. Isa. xix. 11. Ib. ix. 16. Ib. iii. 12. Ib. iii. 4. Ib. iii. 7. Ib. ix. 15. Ib. i. 23. Ib. viii. 21. Ib. xl. 2. Ib. vi. 6, 7. 57. Is the undertaking then so serious and lab
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
73. But this speed, in its untrustworthiness and excessive haste, is in danger of being like the seeds which fell upon the rock, S. Luke viii. 6. S. Matt. xiii. 5. Ib. vii. 26. Eccles. x. 16. Pro
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Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen · Gregory of Nazianzus
Ps. xl. 2; lxix. 2. Rom. vii. 23. 92. What is it that has induced this fear in me, that, instead of supposing me to be needlessly afraid, you may highly commend my foresight? I hear from Moses himse
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Selections from the Letters of St. Ambrose · Ambrose of Milan
Prov. xiv. 30 [LXX.]. S. Matt. ix. 12. 47. He is the good Physician, Who has taken upon Him our infirmities, has healed our sicknesses, and yet He, as it is written, honoured not Himself to be made
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The Book of Pastoral Rule, and Selected Epistles, of Gregory the Great · Pope Gregory the Great
The ruler should always be chief in action, that by his living he may point out the way of life to those that are put under him, and that the flock, which follows the voice and manners of the shepherd
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