Virgin Birth
A child conceived not by human father but by the Spirit, born of a virgin mother
The Virgin Birth is the belief that Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit and born of the Virgin Mary without a human father. It is narrated in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke and confessed in the Apostles' Creed, which states that he was conceived by the Holy Spirit and born of the Virgin Mary. It expresses the conviction that Jesus' coming was God's own initiative, joining divine action and a true human birth.
How it traveled
- MatthewAntioch · 80explains
- LukeRome · 84explains
- Dialogue with TryphoRome · 165explains
- The First ApologyRome · 165explains
- Against Heresies: Book IIILyons · 202explains
- The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew.— · 220explains
- On the Flesh of Christ.— · 220explains
- An Answer to the Jews.— · 220explains
- The Gospel of the Nativity of Mary.— · 220explains
- The Church History of EusebiusCaesarea · 339explains
- The Life of Constantine with Orations of Constantine and EusebiusCaesarea · 339explains
- Ephraim Syrus: Nineteen Hymns on the Nativity of Christ in the FleshEdessa · 373explains
- The Incarnation of the WordAlexandria · 373explains
- Ephraim Syrus: Fifteen Hymns For the Feast of the EpiphanyEdessa · 373explains
- The Catechetical Lectures of S. CyrilJerusalem · 386explains
- Select Orations of Saint Gregory NazianzenNazianzus · 390explains
- The Homilies of St. John ChrysostomConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Gospel of St. JohnConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- A Commentary on the Acts of the ApostlesConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- A Commentary on the Apostles' CreedAquileia · 411explains
- The Letters of St. JeromeBethlehem · 420explains
- Jerome and Gennadius. Lives of Illustrious MenBethlehem · 420explains
- The Perpetual Virginity of Blessed MaryBethlehem · 420explains
- Against JovinianusBethlehem · 420explains
- Lectures or Tractates on the Gospel According to St. JohnHippo Regius · 430explains
- Reply to Faustus the ManichæanHippo Regius · 430explains
- Of Holy VirginityHippo Regius · 430explains
- Expositions on the Book of PsalmsHippo Regius · 430explains
- Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New TestamentHippo Regius · 430explains
- Letters of St. AugustinHippo Regius · 430explains
- City of GodHippo Regius · 430explains
- The EnchiridionHippo Regius · 430explains
- The Harmony of the GospelsHippo Regius · 430explains
- On the Holy TrinityHippo Regius · 430explains
- The Seven Books of John Cassian on the Incarnation of the Lord, Against NestoriusMarseille · 435explains
- The Ecclesiastical History, Dialogues, and Letters of TheodoretCyrrhus · 458explains
- The Letters and Sermons of Leo the GreatRome · 461explains
- John of Damascus: Exposition of the Orthodox FaithDamascus · 749explains
- Treatise on the Incarnation (qq[1]-59)Paris · 1274explains
- A History of the Work of RedemptionNorthampton, Massachusetts · 1758explains
Key passages(20)
The Letters and Sermons of Leo the Great · Pope Leo the Great
Sermon XXII. On the Feast of the Nativity, II. I. The mystery of the Incarnation demands our joy. Let us be glad in the Lord, dearly-beloved, and rejoice with spiritual joy that there has dawned fo
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Now the birth of Jesus Christ was like this; for after his mother, Mary, was engaged to Joseph, before they came together, she was found pregnant by the Holy Spirit.
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The Catechetical Lectures of S. Cyril · Cyril of Jerusalem
31. Let us remember these things, brethren: let us use these weapons in our defence. Let us not endure those heretics who teach Christ’s coming as a phantom. Let us abhor those also who say that the S
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Treatise on the Incarnation (qq[1]-59) · Thomas Aquinas
We now have to consider the virginity of the Mother of God; concerning which there are four points of inquiry: (1) Whether she was a virgin in conceiving? (2) Whether she was a virgin in His Birth?
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Treatise on the Incarnation (qq[1]-59) · Thomas Aquinas
Objection 3: Further, those who are conceived of a woman contract a certain uncleanness: as it is written (Job 25:4): "Can man be justified compared with God? Or he that is born of a woman appear clea
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Treatise on the Incarnation (qq[1]-59) · Thomas Aquinas
We shall now consider the active principle in Christ's conception: concerning which there are four points of inquiry: (1) Whether the Holy Ghost was the active principle of Christ's conception? (2)
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The Fifth Ecumenical Council. The Second Council of Constantinople · The Ecumenical Councils
The Capitula of the Council. (Labbe and Cossart, Concilia, Tom. V., col. 568.) I. If anyone shall not confess that the nature or essence of the Father, of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost is one, as
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The Fourth Ecumenical Council. The Council of Chalcedon · The Ecumenical Councils
The Tome of St. Leo. (Labbe and Cossart, Concilia, Tom. IV., col. 343; also Migne, Pat. Lat., Tom. LIV. [Leo. M. Opera, Tom. I.] col. 756.) The translation here given is that of Rev. Wm. Bright. D.D
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The Incarnation of the Word · Athanasius of Alexandria
§8. The Word, then, visited that earth in which He was yet always present ; and saw all these evils. He takes a body of our Nature, and that of a spotless Virgin, in whose womb He makes it His own, wh
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A Commentary on the Apostles' Creed · Rufinus of Aquileia
11. These things, since they are asserted upon the warrant of the Prophetical Scriptures, may possibly silence the Jews, infidel and incredulous though they be. But the Pagans are wont to ridicule us
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A Commentary on the Apostles' Creed · Rufinus of Aquileia
12. But they say, perhaps, If it was possible to God that a virgin should conceive, it was possible also that she should bring forth, but they think it unmeet that a being of so great majesty should e
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A Commentary on the Apostles' Creed · Rufinus of Aquileia
Who Was Born by (de) The Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary.” This nativity among men is in the way of dispensation, Corresponding to the Greek word Economy—the “arrangement” or “plan” by which the Word b
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Against Heresies: Book III · Irenaeus of Lyons
1. Luke also, the follower and disciple of the apostles, referring to Zacharias and Elisabeth, from whom, according to promise, John was born, says: “And they were both righteous before God, walking i
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Against Heresies: Book III · Irenaeus of Lyons
1. God, then, was made man, and the Lord did Himself save us, giving us the token of the Virgin. But not as some allege, among those now presuming to expound the Scripture, [thus:] “Behold, a young wo
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Against the Epistle of Manichæus, Called Fundamental · Augustine of Hippo
Chapter 7.—In What Sense the Followers of Manichæus Believe Him to Be the Holy Spirit. 8. Besides, you should explain how it is that, while the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are united in equality of
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An Answer to the Jews. · Apologetic
Chapter IX.—Of the Prophecies of the Birth and Achievements of Christ. Begin we, therefore, to prove that the Birth e.g.,) foretells, “Hear ye, house of David; no petty contest have ye with men, sinc
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And Trypho answered, “The Scripture has not, ‘Behold, the virgin shall conceive, and bear a son,’ but, ‘Behold, the young woman shall conceive, and bear a son,’ and so on, as you quoted. But the whole
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“Moreover, the prophecy, ‘Behold, the virgin shall conceive, and bear a son,’ was uttered respecting Him. For if He to whom Isaiah referred was not to be begotten of a virgin, of whom
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Ephraim Syrus: Nineteen Hymns on the Nativity of Christ in the Flesh · Ephrem the Syrian
Hymn X. In Thee will I begin to speak, Thou Head that didst begin all created things. Rev. iii. 14. Ps. lxxxi. 10. Heb. vi. 7. “All the chaste daughters of the Hebrews, The Virgin Mother here sp
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Ephraim Syrus: Nineteen Hymns on the Nativity of Christ in the Flesh · Ephrem the Syrian
Hymn XI. (The Virgin Mother to Her Child.) I shall not be jealous, my Son, that Thou art with me, and also with all men. Be Thou God to him that confesses Thee, and be thou Lord to him that serves T
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