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Mind-Benders of Mesopotamian History

Cuneiform was written for longer than it has been gone

The oldest known writing system was in active use for well over three thousand years, from its emergence in Uruk to the last datable clay tablets of the Roman era. More time separated those final scribes from the first written words than separates them from us today.

How we know

Proto-cuneiform emerged c. 3400-3300 BCE (Uruk IV period; Wikipedia "Cuneiform" and "Proto-cuneiform"; some scholars place the lower bound at c. 3200 BCE, but the comparison holds across the full range). Latest datable cuneiform tablet: Uruk astronomical almanac W22340a, dated to 79/80 CE (Hunger and de Jong, "Almanac W22340a From Uruk: The Latest Datable Cuneiform Tablet," Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 2014; confirmed by Semantic Scholar, Academia.edu, and de Gruyter). Span of use: c. 3300 + 79 = ~3,379 years. Time since last tablet: 2026 − 79 = 1,947 years. The comparison holds by roughly 1,430 years of margin. Note: "world's first script" not used here — Egyptian hieroglyphs (c. 3250 BCE, Abydos tomb U-j) are close enough in time that scholarly priority is genuinely contested; Wikipedia "Cuneiform" uses "earliest known writing system" instead.

One of many fact-checked wonders across eight traditions at The Spring of Wisdom.