April 15

British forces reached the Bergen-Belsen camp, where tens of thousands of Jewish and other prisoners were held; the liberation is commemorated each year.

Selim Hassan, the Egyptian Egyptologist who excavated widely at Giza and cleared the Great Sphinx and its temple, was born.

Amelia Edwards, novelist, traveller, and co-founder of the Egypt Exploration Fund, died in England after endowing Britain's first chair of Egyptology.

Leonhard Euler, among the most prolific mathematicians in history and a foundational figure in calculus, graph theory and mathematical notation, was born in Basel in 1707.