Madrid

Spain

Madrid (Arabic Majrit/Mayrit), now the capital of Spain, was a small fortified town established in the late 9th century as a frontier outpost of the Umayyad emirate of Cordoba on the Middle March of al-Andalus. The astronomer and mathematician Maslama al-Majriti (d. c. 1007), the leading scientist of Umayyad Spain, took his nisba from it.