Mind-Benders of Ancient Egyptian History
The king who rewrote the state religion and built a city from bare desert
Around 1352 BCE Akhenaten overturned Egypt's long-established religious order, elevating a single solar deity — the Aten, shown as a rayed sun-disk — above the traditional gods, and raised an entire new capital from empty desert at a site now called Amarna. Within roughly a generation of his death the old order was restored and his city was abandoned.
How we know
Akhenaten (Amenhotep IV) reigned c. 1352–1336 BCE (Shaw/low chronology; Met gives c. 1353–1336 BCE); founded capital Akhetaten (Amarna) on virgin desert; capital abandoned and Aten cult reversed under Tutankhamun within a generation.
One of many fact-checked wonders across eight traditions at The Spring of Wisdom.