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christian-anthropology-ethicsfeatured in 40 works

The Fall

One act of disobedience in the garden, and sin and death entered the human story

The Fall names the primal disobedience of Adam and Eve, narrated in Genesis 3, through which sin and death entered the human condition. Paul reflects on it in Romans 5, and Fathers such as Irenaeus and Augustine drew out its meaning for human nature and the need for redemption. The doctrine is held across the Christian traditions as a foundation for understanding sin, mortality, and grace.

How it traveled

  1. Romans
    Corinth · 67
    explains
  2. Against Heresies: Book V
    Lyons · 202
    explains
  3. On the Resurrection of the Flesh.
    · 220
    explains
  4. The Instructions of Commodianus.
    · 220
    explains
  5. Ephraim Syrus: The Nisibene Hymns
    Edessa · 373
    explains
  6. The Incarnation of the Word
    Alexandria · 373
    explains
  7. Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen
    Nazianzus · 390
    explains
  8. On the Making of Man
    Nyssa · 395
    explains
  9. The Great Catechism
    Nyssa · 395
    explains
  10. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  11. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  12. Homilies on First Corinthians
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  13. The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  14. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Gospel of St. John
    Constantinople (Istanbul) · 407
    explains
  15. The Letters of St. Jerome
    Bethlehem · 420
    explains
  16. City of God
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  17. On Marriage and Concupiscence
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  18. A Treatise on the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins, and on the Baptism of Infants
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  19. The Confessions
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  20. Expositions on the Book of Psalms
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  21. The Enchiridion
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  22. A Treatise on Nature and Grace
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  23. A Treatise Against Two Letters of the Pelagians
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  24. A Treatise on the Grace of Christ, and on Original Sin
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  25. A Treatise on Rebuke and Grace
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  26. Lectures or Tractates on the Gospel According to St. John
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  27. Concerning the Nature of Good, Against the Manichæans
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  28. Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New Testament
    Hippo Regius · 430
    explains
  29. John of Damascus: Exposition of the Orthodox Faith
    Damascus · 749
    explains
  30. Anselm's Cur Deus Homo
    Canterbury · 1109
    explains
  31. Treatise on Man (qq[75]-102)
    Paris · 1274
    explains
  32. Treatise on the Incarnation (qq[1]-59)
    Paris · 1274
    explains
  33. Book Second. of the Knowledge of God the Redeemer, in Christ, as First Manifested to the Fathers, Under the Law, and Thereafter to Us Under the Gospel
    Geneva · 1564
    explains
  34. Book First. of the Knowledge of God the Creator
    Geneva · 1564
    explains
  35. The great christian doctrine of original sin defended
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  36. Seventeen Occasional Sermons
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  37. a careful and strict inquiry into the prevailing notions of the freedom of will
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  38. A History of the Work of Redemption
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  39. XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains
  40. The Wisdom of God Displayed in the Way of Salvation
    Northampton, Massachusetts · 1758
    explains

Key passages(20)

REF ref-c-s-lewis-the-problem-of-pain

The Problem of Pain · C. S. Lewis

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4. As the act which God punished so severely must have been not a trivial fault, but a heinous crime, it will be necessary to attend to the peculiar nature of the sin which produced Adam’s fall, and p

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Chapter 58.—Adam’s Sin is Derived from Him to Every One Who is Born Even of Regenerate Parents; The Example of the Olive Tree and the Wild Olive. But this sin, which changed man for the worse in para

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I can see no reason why we should be dissatisfied with that explanation of this clause, which has more commonly been given, viz. That by them who have not sinned after the similitude of Adam’s transgr

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This lower world before the fall enjoyed noon-day light; the light of the knowledge of God, the light of his glory, and the light of his favour. But when man fell, all this light was at once extinguis

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The next thing that we have an account of, after God had pronounced sentence on the serpent, on the woman, and on the man, was, that God made them coats of skins, and clothed them; which, by the gener

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Chapter 3 [III.]—Nature Was Created Sound and Whole; It Was Afterwards Corrupted by Sin. Man’s nature, indeed, was created at first faultless and without any sin; but that nature of man in which ever

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Chapter 41 [XXXVI.]—Lust and Travail Come from Sin. Whence Our Members Became a Cause of Shame. Granted, therefore, that we have no means of showing both that the nuptial acts of that primeval marria

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A Treatise on the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins, and on the Baptism of Infants · Augustine of Hippo

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Chapter 2 [II.]—If Adam Had Not Sinned, He Would Never Have Died. They who say that Adam was so formed that he would even without any demerit of sin have died, not as the penalty of sin, but from the

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A Treatise on the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins, and on the Baptism of Infants · Augustine of Hippo

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Chapter 15 [XII.]—The One Sin Common to All Men. But observe more attentively what he says, that “through the offence of one, many are dead.” For why should it be on account of the sin of one, and no

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A Treatise on the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins, and on the Baptism of Infants · Augustine of Hippo

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Chapter 17.—Whom Sinners Imitate. “For if by one man’s offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace and of righteousness shall reign in life by one, even Jesus Christ

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Chapter 35 [XXI.]—Adam and Eve; Obedience Most Strongly Enjoined by God on Man. When the first human beings—the one man Adam, and his wife Eve who came out of him—willed not to obey the commandment w

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A Treatise on the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins, and on the Baptism of Infants · Augustine of Hippo

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Chapter 36 [XXII.]—Man’s State Before the Fall. Before they had thus violated their obedience they were pleasing to God, and God was pleasing to them; and though they carried about an animal body, th

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Chapter 55.—To Recover the Righteousness Which Had Been Lost by Sin, Man Has to Struggle, with Abundant Labour and Sorrow. The flesh which was originally created was not that sinful flesh in which ma

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Against Heresies: Book V · Irenaeus of Lyons

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1. He had indeed been already accustomed to lie against God, for the purpose of leading men astray. For at the beginning, when God had given to man a variety of things for food, while He commanded him

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Demonstration XXII.—Of Death and the Latter Times. 1. The upright and righteous and good and wise fear not nor tremble at death, because of the great hope that is before them. And they at every time

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Appendix · Tertullian: Part Fourth

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3. Genesis. (Author Uncertain.) In the beginning did the Lord create The heaven and earth: And hidden by the wave, and God immense O’er the vast watery plains was hovering, 5 While chaos and bla

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Book Second. of the Knowledge of God the Redeemer, in Christ, as First Manifested to the Fathers, Under the Law, and Thereafter to Us Under the Gospel · John Calvin

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The First Part of the Apostles’ Creed—viz. the knowledge of God the Creator, being disposed of, we now come to the Second Part, which relates to the knowledge of God as a Redeemer in Christ. The subje

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THROUGH THE FALL AND REVOLT OF ADAM, THE WHOLE HUMAN RACE MADE ACCURSED AND DEGENERATE. OF ORIGINAL SIN. I. How necessary the knowledge of ourselves is, its nature, the danger of mistake, its leading

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5. As Adam’s spiritual life would have consisted in remaining united and bound to his Maker, so estrangement from him was the death of his soul. Nor is it strange that he who perverted the whole order

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Modern teachers who discuss this idea

Modern and living teachers whose books take up The Fall. These works are still in copyright, so we can’t show the text here — each links out to the book.