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Pythagoras

Pythagoras

c. 570 BCEc. 495 BCE · Samos

Ionian mathematician, mystic, and founder of the Pythagorean brotherhood at Croton; his teachings combined arithmetic, geometry, harmonics, transmigration of souls, and dietary askesis. Influenced Plato and Western mysticism.

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The Pythagoreans held that "all things are number" (or "number is the substance of all things").
Aristotle, Metaphysics A.5, 985b23–986a (on the Pythagoreans, who "supposed the elements of numbers to be the elements of all things")

Did you know?

  • Pythagoras and Confucius were contemporaries

    Pythagoras in the Greek world and Confucius in China were alive at the same time for roughly half a century — with no record that either ever knew the other existed. Two of history's most influential teachers, on opposite ends of Eurasia, belonged to the very same generation.

    How we know

    Pythagoras c. 570–495 BCE; Confucius 551–479 BCE. Their lives overlap 551–495 BCE = 56 years.

Life journeyclick any stop, or use ←/→

Stop 1 of 5570 BCEBorn

Samos

What they did here

Born on the Aegean island of Samos under the tyranny of Polycrates; received early Ionian philosophical training.

About Samos

A powerful Ionian island once ruled by the tyrant Polycrates—birthplace of Pythagoras, home of the Eleatic monist Melissus, and the island whose son Aristarchus first dared to set the Sun, not the Earth, at the center of the cosmos.

See other sages who lived in Samos

The world in their lifetime

Thinkers and teachers of other traditions whose lives overlapped with Pythagoras’s — a glimpse of the wider world they lived in. Drawn purely from recorded birth and death years.

Works

No works attributed in the corpus yet.

PythagorasShapedPhilolaus of Croton