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Zhuangzi

Zhuangzi

c. 369 BCEc. 286 BCE · Philosopher · Meng, State of Song (near modern Shangqiu, Henan)

Zhuangzi (Master Zhuang, personal name Zhuang Zhou) was a Chinese philosopher of the Warring States period, active more than a century after Confucius. He is a central figure of Daoism, a tradition emphasizing spontaneity and accord with the Dao (the "Way," the natural course of things). According to the Han historian Sima Qian, he was born at Meng in the state of Song and served briefly as a minor official at the lacquer garden (Qiyuan). He is credited with the work bearing his name, celebrated for parables, paradox, and humor, including the "butterfly dream" questioning the boundary between waking and dreaming. Scholars generally regard only the "Inner Chapters" as his own composition.

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Meng, State of Song (near modern Shangqiu, Henan)

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