Skip to content
Wellsprings
greek-politicsfeatured in 40 works

The Lawgiver

The founding legislator who hands a city its laws — figures like Athens' Solon and Sparta's Lycurgus.

The lawgiver (nomothetēs) is the founder-legislator who frames or reforms a city's constitution — often a figure half-historical, half-legendary. The two archetypes are Solon, who reshaped Athens' laws (early 6th c. BCE), and Lycurgus, the semi-mythical author of Sparta's order. Greek thinkers from Herodotus to Plato and Aristotle treated the wise lawgiver as the key to a city's whole character, and the figure later inspired Enlightenment ideas of the constitutional founder.

How it traveled

  1. Histories
    Thurii (Magna Graecia) · -425
    explains
  2. Constitution of the Lacedaimonians
    Athens · -354
    explains
  3. Against Aristocrates
    Athens · -353
    explains
  4. Laws
    Athens · -348
    explains
  5. Letters
    Athens · -348
    explains
  6. Against Timarchus
    Athens · -346
    explains
  7. Against Ctesiphon
    Athens · -330
    explains
  8. Res Publica Atheniensium
    Chalcis · -325
    explains
  9. Politics
    Chalcis · -322
    explains
  10. Against Timocrates
    Athens · -322
    explains
  11. Against Leptines
    Athens · -322
    explains
  12. Nicomachean Ethics
    Chalcis · -322
    explains
  13. Histories
    Megalopolis · -118
    explains
  14. Ab urbe condita
    Padua · -27
    explains
  15. Geography
    Amaseia · 24
    explains
  16. Lycurgus
    Chaeronea · 120
    explains
  17. Solon
    Chaeronea · 120
    explains
  18. Agis and Cleomenes
    Chaeronea · 120
    explains
  19. Apophthegmata Laconica
    Chaeronea · 120
    explains
  20. Comparison of Lycurgus and Numa
    Chaeronea · 120
    explains
  21. Numa
    Chaeronea · 120
    explains
  22. Instituta Laconia
    Chaeronea · 120
    explains
  23. Agesilaus
    Chaeronea · 120
    explains
  24. Description of Greece
    · 180
    explains
  25. Deipnosophistae
    Naucratis · 230
    explains
  26. Vitae philosophorum
    · 240
    explains
  27. Sefer HaIkkarim
    Soria · 1425
  28. Historical Library
    Syracuse (Sicily)
    explains
  29. De Specialibus Legibus (lib. i‑iv)
    explains
  30. Jewish Antiquities
    explains
  31. Antiquitates Romanae
    Rome
    explains
  32. De Vita Mosis (Lib. I-II)
    explains
  33. De Virtutibus
    explains
  34. Historia Romana
    Rome
    explains
  35. Praeparatio Evangelica
    explains
  36. Against Apion
    explains
  37. De Praemiis Et Poenis Et De Exsecrationibus
    explains
  38. Suidae lexicon
    explains
  39. Varia Historia
    Rome
    explains
  40. Orationes
    Prusa
    explains

Key passages(20)

Very high

It was due then to a reason of this nature that they went to live at Thebes; but Philolaus became the Thebans’ lawgiver in regard to various matters, among others the size of families,—the laws called

Tap to expand

Res Publica Atheniensium · Aristotle

Very high

Res Publica Atheniensium · Aristotle

Very high

Orationes · Dio Chrysostom

Very high

Historical Library · Diodorus Siculus

Very high

Such was the magnitude of the qualities of virtue possessed by Lycurgus that once, when he went to Delphi, the Pythian priestess delivered to him this utterance: Lycurgus, loved of Zeus and all whose

Tap to expand

Against Apion · Flavius Josephus

Very high

To begin then a good way backward, I would advance this, in the first place, that those who have been admirers of good order, and of living under common laws, and who began to introduce them, may well

Tap to expand

Very high

Ath. Yes. And what is more, I would recall to your recollection, as well as to my own, how it was said (if you remember) at the outset that the legislator of a State, in settling his legal ordinances,

Tap to expand

Apophthegmata Laconica · Plutarch

Very high

Lycurgus, the lawgiver, wishing to recall the citizens from the mode of living then existent, and to lead them to a more sober and temperate order of life, and to render them good and honourable men (

Tap to expand

Instituta Laconia · Plutarch

Very high

It was forbidden them to be sailors and to fight on the sea. Later, however, they did engage in such battles, and, after they had made themselves masters of the sea, they again desisted, since they ob

Tap to expand

Lycurgus · Plutarch

Very high

Concerning Lycurgus the lawgiver, in general, nothing can be said which is not disputed, since indeed there are different accounts of his birth, his travels, his death, and above all, of his work as l

Tap to expand

Lycurgus · Plutarch

Very high

With this purpose, he set sail, and came first to Crete. Here he studied the Various forms of government and made the acquaintance of their most distinguished men. Of some things he heartily approved,

Tap to expand

Very high

Soon, however, they perceived the advantages of his measure, ceased from their private fault-finding, and offered a public sacrifice, which they called Seisactheia, or Disburdenment. They also appoint

Tap to expand

Strategemata · Polyaenus Macedo

Very high

Epistulae · Seneca, Lucius Annaeus

Very high

Epistulae · Solonis Epistulae

Very high
Very high
Very high
Very high

Facta et Dicta Memorabilia · Valerius Maximus

Very high

Varia Historia · Aelian

Very high