The Lawgiver
The founding legislator who hands a city its laws — figures like Athens' Solon and Sparta's Lycurgus.
The lawgiver (nomothetēs) is the founder-legislator who frames or reforms a city's constitution — often a figure half-historical, half-legendary. The two archetypes are Solon, who reshaped Athens' laws (early 6th c. BCE), and Lycurgus, the semi-mythical author of Sparta's order. Greek thinkers from Herodotus to Plato and Aristotle treated the wise lawgiver as the key to a city's whole character, and the figure later inspired Enlightenment ideas of the constitutional founder.
How it traveled
- HistoriesThurii (Magna Graecia) · -425explains
- Constitution of the LacedaimoniansAthens · -354explains
- Against AristocratesAthens · -353explains
- LawsAthens · -348explains
- LettersAthens · -348explains
- Against TimarchusAthens · -346explains
- Against CtesiphonAthens · -330explains
- Res Publica AtheniensiumChalcis · -325explains
- PoliticsChalcis · -322explains
- Against TimocratesAthens · -322explains
- Against LeptinesAthens · -322explains
- Nicomachean EthicsChalcis · -322explains
- HistoriesMegalopolis · -118explains
- Ab urbe conditaPadua · -27explains
- GeographyAmaseia · 24explains
- LycurgusChaeronea · 120explains
- SolonChaeronea · 120explains
- Agis and CleomenesChaeronea · 120explains
- Apophthegmata LaconicaChaeronea · 120explains
- Comparison of Lycurgus and NumaChaeronea · 120explains
- NumaChaeronea · 120explains
- Instituta LaconiaChaeronea · 120explains
- AgesilausChaeronea · 120explains
- Description of Greece— · 180explains
- DeipnosophistaeNaucratis · 230explains
- Vitae philosophorum— · 240explains
- Sefer HaIkkarimSoria · 1425
- Historical LibrarySyracuse (Sicily)explains
- De Specialibus Legibus (lib. i‑iv)—explains
- Jewish Antiquities—explains
- Antiquitates RomanaeRomeexplains
- De Vita Mosis (Lib. I-II)—explains
- De Virtutibus—explains
- Historia RomanaRomeexplains
- Praeparatio Evangelica—explains
- Against Apion—explains
- De Praemiis Et Poenis Et De Exsecrationibus—explains
- Suidae lexicon—explains
- Varia HistoriaRomeexplains
- OrationesPrusaexplains
Key passages(20)
It was due then to a reason of this nature that they went to live at Thebes; but Philolaus became the Thebans’ lawgiver in regard to various matters, among others the size of families,—the laws called
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Historical Library · Diodorus Siculus
Such was the magnitude of the qualities of virtue possessed by Lycurgus that once, when he went to Delphi, the Pythian priestess delivered to him this utterance: Lycurgus, loved of Zeus and all whose
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To begin then a good way backward, I would advance this, in the first place, that those who have been admirers of good order, and of living under common laws, and who began to introduce them, may well
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Ath. Yes. And what is more, I would recall to your recollection, as well as to my own, how it was said (if you remember) at the outset that the legislator of a State, in settling his legal ordinances,
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Lycurgus, the lawgiver, wishing to recall the citizens from the mode of living then existent, and to lead them to a more sober and temperate order of life, and to render them good and honourable men (
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It was forbidden them to be sailors and to fight on the sea. Later, however, they did engage in such battles, and, after they had made themselves masters of the sea, they again desisted, since they ob
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Concerning Lycurgus the lawgiver, in general, nothing can be said which is not disputed, since indeed there are different accounts of his birth, his travels, his death, and above all, of his work as l
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With this purpose, he set sail, and came first to Crete. Here he studied the Various forms of government and made the acquaintance of their most distinguished men. Of some things he heartily approved,
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Soon, however, they perceived the advantages of his measure, ceased from their private fault-finding, and offered a public sacrifice, which they called Seisactheia, or Disburdenment. They also appoint
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Facta et Dicta Memorabilia · Valerius Maximus