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greek-epistemologyfeatured in 40 works

The Syllogism

Aristotle's engine of valid reasoning: from two granted premises, a conclusion follows of necessity — the first formal logic in history.

The syllogism is Aristotle's (4th c. BCE) form of deductive argument, in which a conclusion follows necessarily from two premises that share a middle term — as in 'All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore Socrates is mortal.' In the 'Prior Analytics,' Aristotle sorted valid argument-forms by figure and mood, creating the first formal system of logic. His syllogistic ruled Western and Arabic logic for some two thousand years, taught as the core of reasoning until the 19th-century rise of modern symbolic logic broadened the field.

How it traveled

  1. Rhetoric
    Chalcis · -335
    explains
  2. Analytica priora
    Chalcis · -322
    explains
  3. Topica
    Chalcis · -322
    explains
  4. De sophisticis elenchis
    Chalcis · -322
    explains
  5. Metaphysics
    Chalcis · -322
    explains
  6. De Inventione
    Formiae · -84
    explains
  7. Institutio Oratoria
    Rome · 95
    explains
  8. Discourses
    Nicopolis · 108
    explains
  9. Noctes Atticae
    Rome · 180
    explains
  10. Adversus Mathematicos
    Alexandria · 190
    explains
  11. Pyrrhoniae Hypotyposes
    Alexandria · 210
    explains
  12. Vitae philosophorum
    · 240
    explains
  13. Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael
    Eretz Yisrael (travels) · 250
  14. Sifrei Devarim
    Eretz Yisrael (travels) · 250
  15. Sifrei Bamidbar
    Eretz Yisrael (travels) · 250
  16. Jerusalem Talmud Pesachim
    Tiberias · 400
  17. Jerusalem Talmud Kiddushin
    Tiberias · 400
  18. Jerusalem Talmud Sotah
    Tiberias · 400
  19. Jerusalem Talmud Yevamot
    Tiberias · 400
  20. Zevachim
    Sura (Babylonia) · 500
  21. Bava Kamma
    Sura (Babylonia) · 500
  22. Nazir
    Sura (Babylonia) · 500
  23. Chullin
    Sura (Babylonia) · 500
  24. Pesachim
    Sura (Babylonia) · 500
  25. Sanhedrin
    Sura (Babylonia) · 500
  26. Bava Metzia
    Sura (Babylonia) · 500
  27. Yevamot
    Sura (Babylonia) · 500
  28. Yalkut Shimoni on Torah
    Tiberias · 1250
  29. Malbim on Leviticus
    Bucharest · 1860
  30. Commentary on Sefer Hamitzvot of Rasag
    Lviv (Lemberg) · 1914
  31. In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium
    Athens
    explains
  32. In Aristotelis analytica priora [Sp.]
    explains
  33. In Aristotelis Sophisticos Elenchos Commentarius [Sp.]
    explains
  34. Fragmenta Logica et Physica
    Athens
    explains
  35. In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium
    Alexandria
    explains
  36. Anonymi In Analyticorum Posteriorum Librum Alterum Commentarium
    explains
  37. In Aristotelis Sophisticos Elenchos Paraphrasis
    explains
  38. Institutio logica [attributed]
    Rome
    explains
  39. Suidae lexicon
    explains
  40. In Aristotelis artem rhetoricam commentarium
    explains

Key passages(20)

Kuzari 5:12exposition

Kuzari · Yehuda HaLevi (Kuzari) · 1120 CE

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(יב) אָמַר הֶחָבֵר: יִתְבָּאֵר מְצִיאוּת הַנֶּפֶשׁ בִּתְנוּעוֹת וְהַרְגָּשׁוֹת לַחַיִּים, שׁוֹנוֹת מִן הַתְּנוּעוֹת הַיְסוֹדִיּוֹת, וְנִקְרֵאת סִבָּתָם נֶפֶשׁ אוֹ כֹחַ נַפְשִׁי. וְיִתְחַלְּקוּ הַכֹּחו

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Sefer HaIkkarim · Rabbi Yosef Albo · 1425 CE

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ואל הטענה השנית אמרו שלא יתחייב גם כן שמה שלא היה נודע לא יהיה נודע לעולם. כי כבר יודע על ידי הקש, אלא שקודם ההקש היה הדבר ידוע בכח בהקדמות, ועל ידי ההקש שב ידוע בפעל, ושהשכל יגזור שהגעת הידיעה על דרך

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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Akeidat Yitzchak · Yitzchak Aramah · 1455 CE

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*תוכן כוונתו, הנה ידוע כי לכל הקש שכלי משאי יצטרכו שתי הקדמות אשר מהן תצא התולדה, המשל בזה, התולדה "כל אדם מרגיש" יוצאת משתי הקדמות, האחת. "כל אדם חי" והשנית "כל חי מרגיש" ונמשך מזה, כי "כל אדם מרגיש,

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Handbook of Platonism · Alcinous

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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