Mikhail Gorbachev
1931 CE–2022 CE · Moscow
Mikhail Gorbachev (1931–2022) was the last leader of the Soviet Union, serving as General Secretary of the Communist Party from 1985 and later as head of state. He introduced the reform policies of perestroika (restructuring of the economy and political system) and glasnost (greater openness and freedom of expression). His leadership was accompanied by the winding down of the Cold War, arms-reduction agreements with the United States, and the largely peaceful end of communist rule across Eastern Europe. Reforms he set in motion also loosened central control, and the Soviet Union dissolved at the end of 1991; he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990.
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Moscow
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In Moscow at the same time
Nikita Khrushchev, Georgy Malenkov, Leonid Brezhnev, Konstantin Chernenko, Yuri Andropov, Boris Yeltsin
The world in their lifetime
Thinkers, teachers, and rulers whose lives overlapped with Mikhail Gorbachev’s — a glimpse of the wider world they lived in. Drawn purely from recorded birth and death years.
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Rulers world
- Joe Biden· 1942 CE–
- Jimmy Carter· 1924 CE–2024 CE
- Bill Clinton· 1946 CE–
- George W. Bush· 1946 CE–
- Boris Yeltsin· 1931 CE–2007 CE
- Nelson Mandela· 1918 CE–2013 CE
- Julius Nyerere· 1922 CE–1999 CE
- Deng Xiaoping· 1904 CE–1997 CE
- Mohammad Reza Pahlavi· 1919 CE–1980 CE
- Yuri Andropov· 1914 CE–1984 CE
- Konstantin Chernenko· 1911 CE–1985 CE
- Emperor Hirohito (Showa)· 1901 CE–1989 CE
- Georgy Malenkov· 1902 CE–1988 CE
- Gamal Abdel Nasser· 1918 CE–1970 CE
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