Joseph II
1741 CE–1790 CE · Vienna, Austria
Joseph II was Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 and sole ruler of the Habsburg lands from the death of his mother Maria Theresa in 1780 until his own death in 1790. A leading exponent of enlightened absolutism, he pursued sweeping reforms, including the abolition of serfdom, the Edict of Toleration extending rights to religious minorities, and the reorganization of the church and administration. Many of his measures met strong resistance from nobles, clergy, and provinces, and several were reversed after his death. He was succeeded by his brother, Leopold II.
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Vienna, Austria
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The world in their lifetime
Thinkers, teachers, and rulers whose lives overlapped with Joseph II’s — a glimpse of the wider world they lived in. Drawn purely from recorded birth and death years.
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Rulers world
- George Washington· 1732 CE–1799 CE
- Catherine the Great· 1729 CE–1796 CE
- Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar· 1742 CE–1797 CE
- Rama I· 1737 CE–1809 CE
- Toussaint Louverture· 1743 CE–1803 CE
- Abdulhamid I· 1725 CE–1789 CE
- Joseph Brant (Thayendanegea)· 1743 CE–1807 CE
- Tipu Sultan· 1751 CE–1799 CE
- Andrianampoinimerina· –1810 CE
- Qianlong Emperor· 1711 CE–1799 CE
- Jeongjo of Joseon· 1752 CE–1800 CE
- Paul I· 1754 CE–1801 CE
- Charles III of Spain· 1716 CE–1788 CE
- George III· 1738 CE–1820 CE
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