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Malcolm X

Malcolm X

1925 CE1965 CE · Civil-Rights Leader · Omaha, Nebraska

Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little; later El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz) was an American civil-rights leader, minister, and public speaker. Raised amid family hardship in the Midwest, he was imprisoned in Massachusetts in the late 1940s, where he joined the Nation of Islam. After his parole in 1952 he moved to Detroit and began his ministry, and by mid-1954 he led the Nation's Temple No. 7 in Harlem. As its most prominent national minister through the 1950s and early 1960s, he became a leading advocate of Black self-determination and a sharp critic of racial segregation. He left the Nation in 1964, made the pilgrimage to Mecca, and embraced Sunni Islam. He was assassinated at the Audubon Ballroom in New York City in February 1965. His autobiography, published posthumously, became widely read.

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Omaha, Nebraska

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