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Simone de Beauvoir

Simone de Beauvoir

1908 CE1986 CE · Philosopher · Paris

Simone de Beauvoir was a French philosopher and writer associated with existentialism, a movement centered on individual freedom and responsibility in a world without preordained meaning. Her 1949 study "Le Deuxieme Sexe" (The Second Sex) analyzed the historical and social construction of womanhood and became a foundational text for later feminist thought. She also wrote philosophical essays, notably "The Ethics of Ambiguity," novels including "The Mandarins" (Prix Goncourt, 1954), and multiple volumes of memoir. Her lifelong intellectual partnership with Jean-Paul Sartre is widely documented. She taught philosophy in French lycees before turning to writing full time.

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